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Slides (ppt) - fast-track: ending the aids epidemic by 2030.

The new set of targets that would need to be reached by 2020 include achieving 90-90-90: 90% of people living with HIV knowing their HIV status; 90% of people who know their HIV-positive status on treatment; and 90% of people on treatment with suppressed viral loads. UNAIDS estimates that by June 2014, some 13.6 million people had access to antiretroviral therapy, a huge step towards ensuring that 15 million people have access by 2015, but still a long way off the 90-90-90 targets. Particular efforts are needed to close the treatment gap for children.  Additional resources

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Global AIDS Update 2024: Core Epidemiology Slides

These factsheet slides from Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) provide a global snapshot of the state of the world’s HIV/AIDS epidemic. The slides present a high-level summary of the most current global estimates on the prevalence, transmission, and mortality of HIV/AIDS. The slides provide HIV/AIDS statistics for children and adults, by global region, and for specific age groups and vulnerable populations over time. The slides may be downloaded in PowerPoint format.

Core Epidemiology Slides. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS 2024. https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2024/core-epidemiology-slides .

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The Basics of HIV/AIDS

Oct 03, 2011

1.25k likes | 3.3k Views

The Basics of HIV/AIDS. Prepared by the HIV/AIDS/TB Program. What is HIV?. It stands for H uman I mmuno-deficiency V irus The virus attacks specific immune cells called CD4+ T-cells The virus high-jacks the host cell to produce more of itself, thus killing the host cell

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The Basics of HIV/AIDS Prepared by the HIV/AIDS/TB Program

What is HIV? • It stands for Human Immuno-deficiency Virus • The virus attacks specific immune cells called CD4+ T-cells • The virus high-jacks the host cell to produce more of itself, thus killing the host cell • The genetic material of the virus is integrated into the host cell DNA

What is AIDS? • It stands for Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome • It is characterized by a distinct weakening of the immune system • AIDS is diagnosed when CD4+ T-cells are ≤ 200 cells per μL or ≤ 14%, or when an opportunistic infection (i.e. Tuberculosis) is diagnosed

Source: http://www.nwabr.org/education/pdfs/hiv_lifecycle.jpg

HIV Facts • Once infected with HIV, the virus never goes away • There is no cure for HIV yet, but medication can slow the progression of the disease • People do not die of HIV, they generally die from opportunistic infections because of their crippled immune system

Disease Progression Source: www.journaids.org

Blood Serum 1,000,000 125,000 Semen Vaginal Fluid AmnioticFluid 32,000 Saliva 1 7,000 4,000 1,000 Copies of HIV Particles in 1 mL of these body fluids How is HIV Transmitted? • Portals of Entry • Open wounds • Breaks in skin • Needle stick • Mucous membranes

Most Common Modes of Transmission • Sexual Contact • Male-to-male (MSM) • Heterosexual • Blood Exposure • Injecting drug use (IDU) • Occupational exposure • Organ transplant • Blood/blood products transfusion • Perinatal • Before or during birth • Breastfeeding

How HIV is NOT Transmitted • Hugging • Shaking hands • Sharing eating utensils • Touching toilet seats • Bug bites

What you can do to reduce your risk • Abstinence • Use barriers, such as condoms and dental dams • Limit the number of sexual partners • Do not share needles used by others, such as for drug use, tattooing, or piercing • Avoid exposure to blood products

HIV Testing • Screening tests • Orasure: detects HIV antibodies in oral fluid • Rapid test: detects HIV antibodies in blood from finger prick • Confirmatory tests • IFA: highly accurate detection of HIV antibodies from venous blood • Western blot: very specific detection of HIV antibodies from venous blood

Window Period Window Period 100% 90% Antibodies Detected Infection Occurs

HIV Testing in ND • Confidential • Free to at-risk individuals • Rapid test results available within 20 minutes • OraSure results available within one week • Testing sites located throughout the state • List of testing sites at www.ndhealth.gov/hiv or 1.800.70.NDHIV

ND HIV Testing Laws • Must have informed consent before testing, except for . . . • Mandatory testing of prison/jail inmates if incarcerated for more than 15 days, and • Mandatory testing of defendants charged with a sex offense • Children age 14 or older may be tested without parental consent

Worldwide HIV/AIDS Statistics • 33 million people living with HIV by the end of 2007 • 2.7 million people newly infected with HIV during 2007 • 2 million people died of AIDS during 2007 • 15 million orphans due to AIDS by the end of 2007

U.S. HIV/AIDS Statistics • By the end of 2006, about 1 million people had been diagnosed with AIDS in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. • By the end of 2006, 448,871 of these cases were still living, and 565,927of them had died. • The CDC estimates that 56,300 people were newly infected with HIV during 2006.

North Dakota HIV/AIDS Statistics As of December 31, 2008 • 441 Cumulative cases since 1984 • 37% had AIDS at HIV diagnosis • 84% are male • 77% are white, 11% are black, and 10% are American Indian • 51% are men who have sex with men (MSM), 18% had heterosexual relations, and 13% used injectable drugs (IDU)

Residency Status of HIV/AIDS Cases Reported, 1984-2008, n=441

Annual Number of HIV/AIDS Cases Diagnosed in ND, 1984-2008, n=265

Annual Number of New HIV/AIDS Diagnoses in ND, 2004-2008, n=62

New HIV/AIDS Diagnoses in ND by Gender, 2004-2008, n=62

New HIV/AIDS Diagnoses in ND by Race/Ethnicity, 2004-2008, n=62

New HIV/AIDS Diagnoses in ND by Mean Age, 2004-2008, n=62

Risk Factors Identified by New HIV/AIDS Diagnoses, 2004-2008, n=62

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